Monday, November 2, 2020

Reach for the Top - Santosh Yadav

Meanings to words and phrases:

contentment: satisfaction

affluent: wealthy, rich, well-to-do

inline with: following or in accordance with, according to, agreeing to

custom: tradition

politely: gently

urge: a strong desire

check it out: find out the truth, to know what is truth

answered in the affirmative: gave a positive reply, saying yes

no looking back: to progress without interruption or impediment, the progress continued

enrolled: took admission into, joined into

headed straight for: went towards, proceeded to

matured: developed, grown-up

resistance: the ability not to be affected by something, the capacity to endure

equipped: supplied with, having

physical endurance: strength

culmination: end, the final stage

scaled: climbed

annals: historic records

bestowed upon her: honored her with, awarded with

top honors: the highest award

Summary:

Santosh Yadav was born to wealthy landowners in Joniyawas, a village in Rewari district of Haryana. She was the youngest child, a sister to five elder brothers. She had to study in the village school as per the village traditions. Since childhood, she was opposed to the customs, preferred wearing shorts to the traditional dress.

At the age of sixteen, like other girls in the village, she was forced to get married but she resisted. She insisted on getting educated before getting married. She took admission in a school in Delhi but her parents refused to support her. She threatened them that she would work part-time to pay the school fee. Her parents accepted her desire to get higher education.

After high school, Santosh joined the Maharani college at Jaipur and lived at the Kasturba hostel. There she saw the villagers climb the Aravalli hills. She was curious and went to the hills. She found a group of mountaineers and wanted to join them in climbing the hills. They agreed and it was her first step in mountaineering.

Within four years, in 1992, she climbed Mount Everest. Her qualities of determination, physical and mental strength impressed her seniors. Her fellow climbers appreciated her concern for others and her willingness to work in a team. She saved the life of a fellow climber named Mohan Singh by sharing her oxygen cylinder with him. She joined an Indo-Nepalese woman expedition and climbed Everest twice, thus becoming the first woman in the world to climb the peak twice.

Santosh cannot describe the immense feeling of happiness and pride when she was on top of the world. As she hoisted the Indian flag, she felt proud to be an Indian. Being an environmentalist, she brought down five hundred kilograms of garbage from the Himalayas.

Textual Questions and Answers:

I. Answer these questions in one or two sentences each. (The paragraph numbers within brackets provide clues to the answers.)

Q1. Why was the ‘holy man’ who gave Santosh’s mother his blessings surprised? (1)

The holy man who blessed Santosh’s mother was surprised because Santosh’s grandmother said that they did not want a son. As her mother already had five sons, they only wanted to be blessed with a gifted girl child. The holy man was surprised because every mother wanted to give birth to a son, contrary to Santosh’s mother.

Q2. Give an example to show that even as a young girl Santosh was not ready to accept anything unreasonable. (2)

Santosh was not always content with her place in a traditional way of life. She began living life on her own terms from the start. Where other girls wore traditional Indian dresses, Santosh preferred shorts.

Q3. Why was Santosh sent to the local school? (3)

Although her parents were wealthy and could send her to a good school in the city of Delhi, they sent her to the village school because they followed the traditions.

Q4. When did she leave home for Delhi, and why? (4)

A. At the age of sixteen, Santosh left for Delhi and got admission in a school there. She wanted to get good education before getting married. Although her parents did not support her initially, they were forced by her determination and accepted her decision.

Q5. Why did Santosh’s parents agree to pay for her schooling in Delhi? What mental qualities of Santosh are brought into light by this incident? (4)

Initially, Santosh’s parents refused to support her financially. She accepted this and decided to work part-time to pay her school fee. Then, her parents softened and consented to support her. This shows she was determined and she was ready for anything to get what was right for her.

Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words).

Q1. How did Santosh begin to climb mountains?

When Santosh joined the Maharani college at Jaipur, she resided at the Kasturba hostel. It was located near the Aravalli hills. Every day she saw the villagers climb the hills and disappear behind them. She was curious. One day she joined a group of mountaineers. This way she started climbing mountains.

Q2. What incidents during the Everest expedition show Santosh’s concern for her team-mates?

Santosh tried to save a fellow climber but was unsuccessful at it. Later, she successfully saved the life of a fellow climber named Mohan Singh by sharing her oxygen cylinder with him.

Q3. What shows her concern for the environment?

Santosh Yadav is an environmentalist. She wanted to keep Himalayas garbage free. She brought down five hundred kilograms of garbage from the Himalayas. This shows her concern for the environment.

Q4. How does she describe her feelings at the summit of the Everest?

A. Santosh was full of happiness and pride when she was literally on top of the world. As she unfurled the Indian flag on the summit, she felt proud of being an Indian. She said that it was a spiritual moment for her.

Q5. Santosh Yadav got into the record books both times she scaled Mt Everest. What were the reasons for this?

The first time when Santosh climbed the Everest, she became the youngest woman to scale the Everest. When she climbed it the second time, she became the first woman in the world to have climbed the Everest twice.

Complete the following statements.

1. From her room in Kasturba Hostel, Santosh used to _________

2. When she finished college, Santosh had to write a letter of apology to her father because _________

3. During the Everest expedition, her seniors in the team admired her _____________ while ___________ endeared her to fellow climbers.

 Answers.

1. From her room in Kasturba Hostel, Santosh used to watch the villagers climb the Aravalli hills.

2. When she finished college, Santosh had to write a letter of apology to her father because she had enrolled for a mountaineering course at the Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi.

3. During the Everest expedition, her seniors in the team admired her determination while her concern for others endeared her to fellow climbers.

Pick out words from the text that mean the same as the following words or expressions. (Look in the paragraphs indicated.)

1. took to be true without proof (1): _________

2. based on reason; sensible; reasonable (2): ____________

3. the usual way of doing things (3): _______________

4. a strong desire arising from within (5): ____________

5. the power to endure, without falling ill (7): __________________

 Answers.

1. assumed

2. rational

3. custom

4. urge

5. resistance


 

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